One of the emerging research areas in the strategic Orientation is how to transfer different Orientations from the commercial sector to the non-profit sector. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the mediating effect of Learning Orientation on the Market Orientation, Social Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Organizational Performance in the non-profit sector. The data from more than 300 employees of the non-profit organizations was collected through snowball sampling method from different parts of Pakistan and was analyzed using Smart PLS software to perform Structural Equation Modeling. The findings indicate that acquiring strategic resources is also relevant for non-profit sector, but these resources are useless if they can be easily imitated. Therefore, an organization should develop such capabilities to make resources imperfectly imitable. Research also shows that Market Orientation and Social Entrepreneurial Orientation are key strategic resources, but in the presence of Learning Orientation, an organization can exploit these resources more effectively. The study also discusses practical implications, limitations, and future directions.

Background: Entrococci is a clinically important pathogenic bacterium in UTIs. CHROMagar Orientation is a recently method for rapid, easy and economic isolation and identification of entrococci. This study compares the chromogenic media with traditional methods for presumptive identification of entrococci from urine specimen. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 240 gram positive cocci from urine specimens. These isolated microorganisms were inoculated on CHROMagar Orientation and were presumptively identified according to manufacturer instruction. The identity of all isolated microorganisms was then confirmed by conventional identification tests and compared with the results obtained from CHROMagar Orientation. Results: In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of CHROMagar Orientation to identify entrococci, solely, were 100% and 40.8%, respectively. Conclusion: Although CHROMagar Orientation was rapid and sensitive method for identification of entrococci in urine culture, CHROMagar Orientation alone appeared not to be very specific for entrococci and needed to be combined with other tests for greater exclusivity. So, CHROMagar Orientation media is not recommended for routine usages in medical laboratories in Iran.